- Industry: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A series of French satellites using visible and near-infrared wavelength instruments to gather high spatial resolution images of the earth. The primary SPOT imaging instrument consists of two identical visible sensors that can record digital images in either a multispectral mode (3 channels, each with a ground resolution of 20 m) or a panchromatic mode (with ground resolution of 10 m).
Industry:Weather
A persistent and greatly elongated zone of low-level convergence extending from approximately 140°E near the equator to approximately 120°W at 30°S. The zone is not quite linear, but is oriented more west to east near the equator and has a more diagonal orientation (northwest to southeast) at higher latitudes. The low-level convergence of moisture leads to a persistent cloud band along the SPCZ.
Industry:Weather
A ratio that measures the information content of a signal, usually defined as the ratio of the power of the signal unaffected by noise to the power of the noise. Commonly measured in decibels, the signal-to-noise ratio is sometimes defined for a specified bandwidth.
Industry:Weather
The first generation of semioperational geostationary meteorological satellites. ''SMS-1'', launched in May 1974, and ''SMS-2'', launched in February 1975, carried the first VISSR instruments.
Industry:Weather
An instrument designed to measure precipitation rate, column-integrated liquid water and water vapor, sea surface temperature and wind speed, soil moisture, and sea ice concentration. This radiometer flew on Seasat (launched in June 1978) and ''Nimbus''-7'' (launched in October 1978).
Industry:Weather
SIS is comprised of a Solar X-ray Imager (SXI), a solar x-ray sensor (XRS) for detecting flares, and an extreme ultraviolet sensor (EUVS) for monitoring the main energy sources for the thermosphere and ionosphere. SIS will be flown on the GOES-R series of satellites.
Industry:Weather
An office that, according to International Civil Aviation Organization specifications, is competent to supply aeronautical personnel with 1) meteorological information received from a main meteorological office or dependent meteorological office; 2) meteorological reports otherwise available.
Industry:Weather
The first space-based, grating spectrometer used for vertical temperature soundings of the atmosphere. SIRS was flown on ''Nimbus''-3'' and ''-4'' launched in April 1969 and April 1970, and was a forerunner of the ''HIRS''-2'' operational instrument on the TIROS-N satellites since 1978.
Industry:Weather
A three-channel scanning radiometer on ''Nimbus''-5'' (launched December 1972) measuring radiation in the visible and infrared spectrum to determine the composition of the earth's surface.
Industry:Weather
A complex combination of sudden changes in the condition of the ionosphere, and the effects of these changes. A sudden ionospheric disturbance usually occurs in association with a solar flare and is seen only on the sunlit side of the earth. The return of the ionosphere to its “normal” condition following a pronounced sudden ionospheric disturbance usually takes from half an hour to an hour. The following are the most important effects accompanying a sudden ionospheric disturbance: 1) shortwave fadeout, a condition in which there is a marked and abrupt increase in absorption in the D-region for high-frequency (HF) radio waves, and a consequent loss of long-distance radio reception in this range of frequencies; 2) magnetic crotchet, a sudden change in the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field due to an increase in the conductivity of the lower ionosphere, the changes being in the nature of an augmentation of the normal quiet-day magnetic change; 3) sudden enhancements of long-wave atmospherics recorded in the frequency range between 10 and 100 kHz, due to the improved reflectivity at oblique incidence of the D-region for such low-frequency radio waves; 4) sudden phase anomalies of discrete low-frequency radio waves (10–100 kHz), due to a lowering of the D-region; and 5) sudden field-strength anomalies of distant low-frequency radio signals (10–100 kHz), due to interference between the ground wave and the sky wave.
Industry:Weather
